BDNF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neuropsychiatric diseases, including depression (Schumacher et al., 2005), schizophrenia (Zintzaras, 2007), and Rett syndrome, a severe developmental disorder with autistic features (Larimore et al., 2009; Zeev et al., 2009). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is schizophrenia.