YWHAE and ischemia: Herein we report for the first time that pharmacological elevation of 14-3-3ε in the brain attenuates ischemia-induced up-regulation of autophagic activity, which is consistent with the latest reports showing that 14-3-3ε may be involved in autophagy down-regulation in HeLa [41] and gliocytoma U251 cells [69].