The tumor suppressing effect of TGF-β signaling is observed in the early stages of tumorigenesis, whereas tumor progressing effects are emphasized once the tumor is developed, when carcinoma cells gain oncogenic mutations in order to resist the growth inhibition mediated by TGF-β; under these circumstances TGF-β expression increases in the tumors [92,93]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.