PPARGC1A and craniofacial microsomia: The finding that protein levels of p38α MAPK and PGC1α were higher in HFM mice than in HF mice (Figure 5B, Figure 7D) suggests that the gene expression of UCP1 was upregulated through the PKA-p38MAPK-PGC1α cascade by miglitol in high fat diet-induced obese mice.