Previously, our group evaluated the immunomodulatory effects in vivo of M. leprae Hsp65 on genetically homogeneous (NZBxNZW)F1 hybrid female mice that develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); the results showed that the native protein (WT) aggravates the lupus progression in mice [35]. The gene discussed is HSPD1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.