For examples, up-regulation of miR-21 causes acquired trastuzumab resistance by repressing PTEN expression during long-term exposure to trastuzumab antibody in breast cancer [13], and the repetitive application of cisplatin (CDDP) to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells induces an increase in miR-630, which enhances cytoprotection against CDDP and carboplatin by inhibiting the p53 signaling pathway [14]. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and non-small cell lung carcinoma.