TLR4 and colonic neoplasm: For example, TLR-2 and TLR-9 signaling were found to promote tumor cell migration in breast cancer[9], [10], TLR-4 and TLR-9 signaling were demonstrated to accelerate cell invasion in prostate cancer[11], [12], and activation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 signaling were also shown to stimulate tumor cell movement in colon cancer[13], [14].