VHL and renal cell carcinoma: Functional confirmation that PLA2R1 is positively regulated by VHL was obtained by engineering VHL negative RCC10 and 786-O cells to express the VHL gene constitutively (the resulting cells are respectively named RCC10+VHL and 786-O+VHL cells): both engineered RCC cell lines showed an increased PLA2R1 transcript level (Figure 4B-C).