TNF and Cowden syndrome 1: Indeed, in the current study, the proportions of patients treated with anti-TNFα (229/341 [67%]) or with CS (245/341 [72%]) (anti-TNFα and CS associated in 163/341 [48%]) are higher than in other studies (45% and 24% respectively in Au et al. [30]), but lower, for CS, than in the German Biologics Register [32], where it was 82%.