In most of the studies investigating de novo or secondary adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette superfamily member B1, P-glycoprotein) is an independent prognostic factor associated with reduced remission rates, and in some reports, inferior leukemia-free and overall survival [5,6,7]. The gene discussed is ABCB1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.