The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the VAI and other common anthropometric measures of fat distribution [BMI, WC, Hip Circumference (HC), Waist-hip ratio (WHR), Body Adiposity Index (BAI)], on the one hand, and a complete panel of adipocytokines [Resistin, Leptin, Soluble Leptin Receptor (sOB-R), Leptin/sOB-R ratio, Adiponectin, Visfatin, Ghrelin, Adipsin, PAI, Vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNF-α, hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-18, Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)], on the other, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This evidence concerns the gene LEP and type 2 diabetes mellitus.