It has been shown that the levels of TLR2 and TLR4 on various cells are increased during the initiation and modulation of the immune response to rotavirus infection [24], [25], and that HMGB1 acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that causes persistent inflammatory responses via activation of TLR2 and TLR4 [26]. Here, HMGB1 is linked to Rotavirus infection.