Mutations in the putative serine threonine kinase LRRK2 (PARK8) cause uncoupling of mitochondria in fibroblast and neuroblastoma cells [30]; and the PTEN-induced protein kinase PINK1 (PARK6), mutations in which cause early-onset PD [31] is believed to be involved in mitophagy [32]. This evidence concerns the gene PINK1 and Parkinson disease.