This pathway represents a major network of proteins that orchestrate motility, invasion, survival and growth of normal cells, and is often dysregulated in tumor cells.40 A number of genes associated with the actin cytoskeleton pathway were differentially regulated between the sample groups and are known to act through the MAPK, FAK and PI3K pathways (Figure 4, Supplementary file 4). This evidence concerns the gene PTK2 and neoplasm.