Among the 8 STAT4 SNPs, the frequencies of 3 minor alleles (T at rs7574865, G at rs8179673, and G at rs10181656) were increased in ANA-positive PBC patients as compared with ANA-negative patients (P = 0.040, P = 0.032, and P = 0.031, resp). Here, STAT4 is linked to primary biliary cholangitis.