To clarify the genetic susceptibility to PBC based on previously reported IL12 signaling, a total of 395 Japanese patients with PBC and 458 healthy Japanese controls were enrolled for an association analysis of IL12A (rs574808), IL12RB (rs3790567), and STAT4 (rs7574865) SNPs (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene IL12RB1 and primary biliary cholangitis.