DYRK1A and Alzheimer disease: Increased non-PDPK, Dyrk1A (Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A) kinase immunoreactivity has been found in the cytoplasm and nuclei of scattered neurons of the neocortex, entorhinal cortex, and hippocampus in AD, DS, and PiD [110].