Changes in the lung NRF2 expression and GSH metabolism as well as elevated protein carbonyl content are recognized as central features of many human chronic lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and COPD (Rahman and MacNee 2000; Dalle-Donne et al. 2003; Rangasamy et al. 2004; Reddy et al. 2007; Liu and Gaston Pravia 2009). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.