The frequency of several other comorbidities showed no statistically significant difference in the NTM and tuberculosis groups including cystic fibrosis, sarcoidosis, heart failure, malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung, malnutrition, systemic lupus erythematous, Crohn’s disease, any malignant neoplasm, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, pneumoconiosis, deforming dorsopathies, and dementia including Alzheimer disease. The gene discussed is SERPINA1; the disease is dementia.