F2R and acute respiratory distress syndrome: This is in line with beneficial effects of rh–APC infusion in models of sepsis and ARDS on pulmonary coagulopathy and consequently on alveolocapillary inflammation, as well as with directly ameliorating effects on endothelial barrier dysfunction via stimulation of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), protein C and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors in the endothelium [11], [14], [15].