Furthermore, we could not find an essential role for BopE in B. pseudomallei invasion (Figure 8B), induction of pyroptosis (Figure 8C) or IL-1β release (Figure 8D) in macrophages, whereas a previous study reported that B. pseudomallei 10276 BopE is required for optimal invasion of non-phagocytic HeLa cells analysed six hours after infection [33]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and infection.