During the subacute phase of cerebral ischemia, astrocytes release S100B, which interacts with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) to stimulate the microglial secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and Cerebral ischemia.