This would include patients with FPC or carriers of a mutation in an established high-penetrance PDAC susceptibility gene (e.g., BRCA2 or PALB2) with at least one case of pancreatic cancer in a first-degree relative (Brand et al., 2007; Bartsch et al., 2012; Klein, 2012; Canto et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene PALB2 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.