STK11 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Genetic alterations in tumor suppressor genes found in lower frequency (<10%) in pancreatic cancer include STK11/LKB1, MKK4, TGFβ R1 (ALK 5, chromosome 9q), TGFβ R2 (chromosome 3p), ACVR1β (ALK 4, chromosome 12q), ACVR2 (chromosome 2q), FBXW7 (CDC4), EP300, BRCA2, ATM, and AKT2 (Maitra et al., 2006; Koorstra et al., 2008).