Interestingly, these enzymes are capable of modifying other non-histone proteins—including p53, Rb, and MYC—and have additional roles as transcriptional cofactors, which has led to many challenges in determining their specific roles in cancer and other disease processes (Dawson and Kouzarides, 2012; Iyer et al., 2004). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.