Cleaved caspase-3 staining of PC9 tumour sections was 5.4-fold higher following carboplatin treatment, from 0.76%±0.22% in vehicle controls, to 4.11%±0.88% staining 24 h post carboplatin treatment (P = 0.002); 3.5%±0.70% cleaved caspase-3 staining was measured 48 h post treatment, significantly higher than vehicle controls (4.6-fold increase; P = 0.0003; Fig. 6B). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is neoplasm.