To investigate the effects of NTS compounds on myelopoiesis in patients suffering from myeloid disorders (one patient with RCC, two patients with myelosuppression after chemotherapy for AML), we cultured BM-derived CD34+ cells in the absence or presence of NTS1 and NTS2 (0.5–1.0 μM). The gene discussed is NTS; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.