We observed that CS decreased PPARγ expression in AMs in vivo and in vitro. Here, we also found that the administration of PPARγ ligands (ROSI or 15d-PGJ2) attenuated the CS-induced inflammation in AMs in vivo and in vitro: compared to CS-treatment, the decreases in pro-inflammatory cytokines, the reductions in obvious morphological changes caused by increases in an emphysema-like phenotype and totol cell number in BAL fluid, and the increases in the phagocytosis and viability of AMs. Here, PPARG is linked to pulmonary emphysema.