Lower levels of HTPAP were detected in the HCC samples with promoters II+III (promoter II, n = 81; promoter III, n = 22) compared to that in samples with promoter I (n = 113) (promoter I: 2.87±0.35, promoter II 1.52±0.16, promoter III 1.41±0.14, p<0.001, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene PLPP5 and hepatocellular carcinoma.