Noxa has been described as an important determinant of cell death in response to chemotherapy in lymphoid malignancies including CLL, HL, MM and MCL cells.83, 84, 85, 86 Furthermore, array-based comparative genomic hybridization and gene-expression microarray analysis showed that Noxa is mutated and preferentially silenced in DLBL.60 Gene-targeting experiments of noxa in mice displayed defects in T-and B-cell activation and the immune response against viral infection.87, 88 Furthermore, Noxa was shown to be centrally involved in neutrophils apoptosis.89 This evidence concerns the gene PMAIP1 and mantle cell lymphoma.