Additional sporadic seropositivity was detected: a single affected twin with DM had autoantibodies against TNF- β; IL-1α autoantibodies were found in one control subject and one affected twin with DM; and IFN-γ autoantibodies were detected in three healthy controls, a healthy twin, and one affected twin with DM (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and dermatomyositis.