IL2 and listeriosis: As shown in Figure 3C, DC vaccine vectors conferring protection against listeriosis, such as DC-LM-WT, DC-LLO91−99 or DC-GAPDH1−22, produced high levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IFN-γ (570–589 ± 0.9 pg/ml, and NV mice basal levels, 0.5 ± 0.02 pg/ml) and significant levels of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.