Celecoxib, an FDA-approved cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor normally administered as an anti-inflammatory agent, has recently been implicated in the upregulation of MAPK1 and/or p38 MAPK activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, inhibiting their proliferation (Park et al., 2010). The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.