TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: In the remaining 10 patients with baseline diagnosis of RA, only in three cases the illness was present for less than one year (4, 6 and, 12 months) and the duration of the anti-TNF-α therapy was inferior to 9 months (2, 6, and 9 months); in one patient the ANA were positive before the initiation of adalimumab, and the titers increased after the introduction of therapy; in the second case, ANA and Jo-1 became positive after the initiation of etanercept and in the third case ANA were reported positive as well as anti-PL-12 [18, 19, 24].