Thus, this study adds new insight into the co-occurrence of the two pathogenic pathways in SLE, the IFN type I and the Th17 pathway, and showed for the first time a higher percentage of IL-17A and IL-17A/IL-17F double-producing CCR6+ memory T-helper cells in IFN+ SLE patients. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.