CXCL8 and endothelial dysfunction: IL-8, a known chemokine attracting monocyte on endothelial cells [17], neopterin, a pteridine produced by activated macrophages [16], and IL-6-dependent signals, mainly associated to progression of HF, are proposed as crucial triggers in controlling monocyte activation and recruitment in vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, important factors for development of MOF [10], [18].