Thus, overexpression of SOCS-3 via gene transfection in IFN-sensitive RCC cells significantly diminished the growth inhibitory effect of IFN-α, Suppression of SOCS-3 by siRNA restored sensitivity in IFN-α resistant RCC cells and suppressed the growth of IFN-α resistant RCC xenograft [47], as well as of 786-O RCC cell line following the combined administration of anti-IL-6R and IFN-α [48]. Here, IFNA1 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.