The relationship of MO to HOMA-IR was examined further in multivariate linear regression models with HOMA-IR as the dependent variable, adjusting for immuno-virologic and HIV specific factors (CD4 percent, presence/absence of plasma HIV RNA, and current protease inhibitor use) as well as for traditional risk factors for diabetes (age, gender, race, hepatitis C, smoking, body mass index [BMI]). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and diabetes mellitus.