In contrast, the genes PNPLA3 (adiponutrin), GCKR (glucokinase regulator) and TRIB1 (tribbles homolog 1) were associated with fibrosis phenotypes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [52], with PNPLA3 demonstrating the most consistent effects across studies [53]. Here, PNPLA3 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.