FOXO3 and prostate carcinoma: However for e.g. MMP1 and MMP9 recent reports have associated a decrease of FOXO3 activity/expression with an increase in MMP1 and MMP9 expression in prostate cancer and in skin in response to UV-damage [35]–[37] which could be illustrating some of the limitations in trying to extrapolate specific roles for FOXO transcription factors between different tissues and cell types [20].