The present study investigated the role of allelic variants in ATP-binding cassette protein family of genes viz: ABCB1 and ABCG2, in predicting the AED-resistance in uniform well-characterized cohorts of AED-resistant MTLE-HS patients and AED-responsive JME patients from the south Indian population of Kerala. The gene discussed is ABCG2; the disease is juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.