GSK3B and ischemia: Activation of the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway, demonstrated as increases in the levels of P-AKT(ser473) and P-GSK3β(ser9), has been reported to protect against myocardial apoptosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats [21] and to increase the survival of hippocampal neurons following ischemia in rats [22,23].