The most abundant product of adipocytes, adiponectin is a global endophenotype for obesity and cardio-metabolic disease risk (Choi et al., 2004; Vettor et al., 2005; Wannamethee et al., 2007; Bidulescu et al., 2013a), and a potential mediator of the cardio-metabolic consequences of obesity (Ouchi et al., 2006). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is Obesity.