SYP and dementia: Elevated levels of synaptic proteins, such as of synaptophysin, syntaxin, and SNAP-25, are observed in human brains with Braak stages 3 and 4 (Mukaetova-Ladinska et al., 2000), whereas loss of synaptic proteins is a relatively late phenomenon in AD brain, occurring well after the onset of clinically detectable dementia and the appearance of Aβ plaques and NTFs (Mukaetova-Ladinska et al., 2000).