Little is known regarding the non-cell- autonomous toxicity mediated by mutants other than in SOD1, but a recent study suggests that astrocytes expressing mutated TDP43 (TDP43M337V) lack non-cell-autonomous toxicity and contribute to ALS pathology only through cell-autonomous processes (Serio et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.