In the context of parasite infections, IL-10 can play a protective role by limiting tissue damage, as suggested by the increased mortality observed in T. gondii and P. chabaudi infections after IL-10 signalling neutralization [69], [70], or promote chronicity, as its neutralization during experimental visceral leishmaniasis improved CD4 T cell responses and led to disease resolution [71]. This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and visceral leishmaniasis.