This BDNF’s neuroprotective action was blocked by pretreatment with an ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, but not with an PI3-K inhibitor, wortmannin [36], suggesting a central role of the ERK1/2 pathway in mediating the neuroprotecive effect of BDNF on H-I brain injury in developing brain. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is brain injury.