TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: [20]. Hypertension and T2D share many of the same contributing behavioral and biological risk factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, high-dense-energy food and adverse levels of C-reactive protein, TNF-a and IL-6 [21], [22]. Hypertension and T2D may have an additive effect on each other, with one condition both facilitating the onset, and worsening manifestations, of the other [23].