For example, increased translational initiation through elevated expression of key genes such as pS6, p4E-BP1, eEF2K, and decreased pdcd4 are associated with poor prognosis in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, highlighting the role of translational control in breast cancer pathogenesis (Meric-Bernstam et al., 2012). The gene discussed is PDCD4; the disease is breast carcinoma.