Using sera as samples and multiple fractionation steps (protein depletion, lectin affinity fractionation, IEF separation, and LC-MS analysis), the following candidates were selected as breast cancer-associated proteins: thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) and 5 (TSP5), alpha-1B-glycoprotein (A1BG), serum amyloid P-component (SAP), and tenascin-X (TN-X) [106]. The gene discussed is APCS; the disease is breast cancer.