PRKCD and neoplasm: In other work, we have demonstrated that normal mouse embryo fibroblasts and human primary fibroblasts and epithelial cells and microvascular endothelial cells and primary melanocytes survive and proliferate in the setting of PKCδ knockdown or in concentrations of PKCδ inhibitors which are lethal to tumor cell lines with aberrant Ras signaling ([45-47,55]; Trojanowska et al., in preparation).