In animal studies long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LC-MUFAs) with chain lengths longer than 18 (i.e., C20:1 and C22:1 isomers combined) may ameliorate obesity-related metabolic dysfunction through increased expression of PPARγ and decreased inflammatory marker expression in white adipose tissue [57]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.